Optical information storage medium and optical information storage medium reproducing apparatus

ABSTRACT

An optical information storage medium includes a light transmitting layer, a first information storage layer, an intermediate layer mainly made of resin, a second information storage layer, and a substrate. The light transmitting layer, the first information storage layer, the intermediate layer, the second information storage layer, and the substrate are layered in this order from a reproduction light incident side. Each of the first information storage layer and the second information storage layer includes: a light absorbing film that absorbs reproduction light to generate heat; and a reproduction film that is heated by the heat generated by the light absorbing film so as to reproduce a signal shorter in mark length than a resolution limit of an optical system of a reproducing apparatus.

This Nonprovisional application claims priority under U.S.C. §119(a) onPatent Applications No 054747/2005 filed in Japan on Feb. 28, 2005 andPatent Application No. 196660/2005 filed on Jul. 5, 2005, the entirecontents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to (i) an optical information storagemedium that optically stores and reproduces information, and (ii) anoptical information storage medium reproducing apparatus that reproducesthe optical information storage medium.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Recently, an optical information storage medium processes a vast amountof information such as images, and therefore further increase ofinformation recording density has been demanded. In order to satisfy thedemand, the following techniques have been suggested: a super resolutiontechnique and a multi-layer optical information storage medium. Thesuper resolution technique is one of the techniques for improvinginformation reproduction processing, and the multi-layer opticalinformation storage medium is a medium having multiple informationstorage layers, each of which is recordable and reproducibleindividually. The super resolution technique is a technique forreproducing a signal shorter in mark length (the mark length dependsupon an optical system and numerical apertures of a laser wavelength)than a resolution limit of an optical system of the reproducingapparatus. With this technique, information recording using a shortermark length becomes possible, and therefore substantial recordingdensity increases. This is due to the fact that a reproductiontechnique, not a recording technique, is an issue for increasing therecording density.

First, the super resolution technique will be described below.Conventionally, various optical information storage media (hereinafter,the media will be referred to as super resolution media) for reproducinga signal shorter in mark length than a resolution limit of an opticalsystem of a reproducing apparatus have been suggested.

For example, a Japanese unexamined patent publication (Document 1)teaches a technique which enables an optical storage medium drivingapparatus to reproduce a rewritable optical magnetic storage medium inwhich information is stored in a magnetic storage film in amagnetization direction. This technique is not applicable toreproduction of a read-only medium in which non-rewritable informationis stored in the form of projections/depressions on a substrate. Anotherwell-known technique may be a medium using a thermochromic dye masklayer whose optical characteristic (transmittance) changes dependingupon temperature, which is provided on a reproduction light incidentside of a reflection film (Document 2). This technique is applicableboth to a rewritable optical storage medium and a read-only opticalstorage medium. The mask layer designates a layer inducing superresolution phenomenon, such as the following artificial reduction oflaser spot.

The optical information storage medium used in the foregoing techniqueutilizes the fact that a laser spot produced by a reproduction laseremitted on a reproduction face generates a light intensity distribution,which results in temperature distribution. More specifically, in theoptical magnetic storage medium according to Document 1, a reproductionlayer is disposed on a storage layer, and a magnetic field generated inthe storage layer in the reproduction process is transcribed only to acertain portion of the reproduction layer that corresponds to a hightemperature portion of the laser spot. This makes it possible toreproduce a signal shorter in mark length than the resolution limit ofthe optical system. Further, in the optical storage medium according toDocument 2, the temperature distribution or the light intensitydistribution is generated within a reproduction laser spot produced on areproduction layer that is closer to a reproduction light incident sidethan a reflection layer. As a result, the laser spot has opticalcharacteristic distribution. For example in a case where thereproduction layer is made of material whose transmittance increases astemperature increases, only the transmittance of the high temperatureportion increases. This artificially reduces the laser spot produced onthe reflection layer, making it possible to reproduce the signal shorterin mark length than the resolution limit of the optical system.

The following describes the multi-layer optical information storagemedium. In the multi-layer optical information storage medium, forexample as disclosed in Document 3, a plurality of information storagelayers are layered from a reproduction light incident side, in such away as to dispose a first information storage layer from thereproduction light incident side, a second information storage layerthereon, and so on, therebetween having an intermediate layer mainlymade of resin. In this structure, the information storage layers, exceptfor the farthest information storage layer from the reproduction lightincident side, are translucent layers, thereby allowing the reproductionlight to be transmitted. Therefore, the reproduction light incident fromthe reproduction light incident side is focused on each of theinformation storage layers. Accordingly, the information recordingdensity of the multi-layer optical information storage medium can beincreased by increasing the number of the information storage layers.

As described above, these two methods have been suggested for increasingrecording density of optical information storage media.

Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 180486/1996(Tokukaihei 8-180486, published on Jul. 12, 1996)

Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 35012/2001(published on Feb. 9, 2001)

Document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 235733/2000(published on Aug. 29, 2000)

However, in the super resolution reproduction technique, the laser spotis artificially reduced, and therefore the utilization of thereproduction light becomes less efficient (the reflection light iscertainly reduced). This limits the reduction of the laser spot, andtherefore significant increase of the recording density cannot beexpected (maximally to a double in line density).

Moreover, in many optical information storage media employing the superresolution reproduction technique, such as that disclosed in Document 2,that is applicable to a read-only optical information storage medium,the mask layer used therein causes a composition change or a phasechange by directly absorbing light or heat. This tends to heavily burdenthe mask layer material, weakening the reproduction durability.

Further, normally, a reproduction film used in an optical informationstorage medium that adopts the super resolution reproduction techniqueto reproduce a signal shorter in mark length than the resolution limitof the optical system of the reproducing apparatus (hereinafter, theoptical information storage medium will be referred to as a superresolution medium) is made of dye or phase change material. The dye orthe phase change material is more expensive than film material normallyused in an optical information storage medium. This causes a problemthat the super resolution medium becomes more expensive than an ordinaryoptical information storage medium (with a single-layer informationstorage layer).

Meanwhile, the multi-layer optical information storage medium requirescomplex manufacturing processes, which extremely increases the cost. Thefollowing describes reasons therefor, with reference to an exemplaryproduction method of the multi-layer optical information storage medium.

Production of the multi-layer optical information storage medium beginswith formation of a first information storage layer, such as a storagefilm or a reflection film, on a substrate usually by, for example,sputtering in vacuum. Then back in the atmosphere, the first informationstorage layer is coated with, for example, UV-curable resin by spincoating. Then, a plastic stamper is bonded thereto, which is removedafter curing the resin by ultra violet irradiation. As a result, groovesfor tracking or irregularity such as pre-pits that represent informationby its configuration are transcribed onto the surface of theintermediate layer (so-called a 2P process). Further, the secondinformation storage layer is formed on the intermediate layer, andanother intermediate layer on which irregular pattern is transcribed bythe 2P process is layered thereon. The above steps are repeatedaccording to the desired number of the information storage layers. Atthe end, a cover layer (light transmitting layer) is formed thereon.

As described above, the multi-layer optical information storage mediumis manufactured through extremely complex steps in which the multi-layeroptical information storage medium is passed on between the vacuum andthe atmosphere many times. Moreover, the information storage layers havedifferent film structures so as to adjust their reflectances. Therefore,in ordinary mass production in which the various layers are formed bytransferring the medium in one way of production line, the vacuumfilm-forming apparatuses are needed as many as the number of theinformation storage layers. Moreover, a vacuum film-forming apparatus isextremely expensive, and its running costs are expensive relative to theother apparatuses used for producing optical information storage media.

Because of the above reasons, the multi-layer optical informationstorage medium becomes extremely expensive. This is apparent from thecurrent price (Jan. 31, 2005) of a single-sided two-layer Blu-ray Disc(storage capacity: 50 GB) that is more than a double of that of asingle-layer Blu-ray Disc (storage capacity: 25 GB). Usually,complication of production steps increases the costs much moresignificantly than a change of material of the information storagelayers does.

As described above, the conventional methods for increasing informationrecording density in the optical information storage medium have manyproblems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensivemulti-layer optical information storage medium adopting a superresolution reproduction technique, which is also excellent inreproduction durability.

In order to achieve the above object, an optical information storagemedium of the present invention includes: a light transmitting layer; afirst information storage layer; an intermediate layer that is mainlymade of resin; a second information storage layer; and a substrate, thelight transmitting layer, the first information storage layer, theintermediate layer, the second information storage layer, and thesubstrate being layered in this order from a reproduction light incidentside, and each of the first information storage layer and the secondinformation storage layer comprising: a light absorbing film thatabsorbs reproduction light to generate heat; and a reproduction filmthat is heated by the heat generated by the light absorbing film so asto reproduce a signal shorter in mark length than a resolution limit ofan optical system of a reproducing apparatus.

In the case where the above structure includes a thermochromicreproduction film serving as a mask layer, upon reproduction of theinformation stored in the first information storage layer, thereproduction light is emitted from the light transmitting layer and isfocused onto the first information storage layer. At this time, thelight absorbing film of the first information storage layer absorbs thereproduction light, and converts the absorbed reproduction light intoheat. Further, on the first light absorbing film of the firstinformation storage layer, the temperature of a rear end of the laserspot increases due to the temperature distribution of laser (because thedisk rotates during reproduction of the disk, the high-temperature spotmoves off the center). Consequently, the transmittance of thereproduction film of the first information storage layer eitherincreases or decreases. When the transmittance increases, thereproduction light transmits only a region where the transmittance hasincreased. On the other hand, when the transmittance decrease, thereproduction light transmits a region where the transmittance is notdecreased. This effect serves to mask the reflection light from thelight absorbing film of the first information storage layer, allowingpickup of information in the first information storage layer, which isstored with a mark length shorter than the resolution limit.

Further, when the information stored in the second information storagelayer is reproduced, the emitted reproduction light transmits throughthe light transmitting layer, the first information storage layer, andthe intermediate layer, and is focused onto the second informationstorage layer. Then, in the same manner as to the first informationstorage layer, the information in the second information storage layer,which is stored with a mark length shorter than the resolution limit isreproduced.

This makes it possible to increase the substantial recording density(reproducible recording density) of both of the first informationstorage layer and the second information storage layer to be higher thanthe limit restricted by the resolution limit. Therefore, because of thelarger number of information storage layers than that of the superresolution medium according to Document 2, the storage capacity isincreased. Further, in providing a certain storage capacity to a medium,this medium requires less number of storage layers to obtain the samestorage capacity of the multi-layer optical information storage mediumaccording to Document 3 in which each information layer has a limitedrecording density due to the resolution limit.

With this structure, the reproduction light transmits only a centralportion of a light spot that has high light intensity in the first orsecond reproduction film of the first or second information storagelayer. As a result, the information is read out from the first or secondinformation storage layer by the super resolution effect. The recordingdensities of the first and second light absorbing films thus becomelower than the resolution limit, and therefore the recording capacity ofthe optical information storage medium is increased with respect to themanufacturing costs, providing a storage medium with highcost-performance. By having the first and the second information storagelayers, in providing a certain recording density to a medium, the mediumrequires less number of storage layers to obtain the same recordingdensity of the multi layer optical information storage medium accordingto Document 3. Accordingly, in the manufacturing line, the number of theexpensive vacuum apparatuses for forming the storage layers bysputtering can be reduced compared to the case of the multi layeroptical information storage medium according to Document 3. Thissignificantly suppresses storage media production costs generated as thenumber of the storage layers is increased.

Further, the first reproduction film and the second reproduction filmare separated from the first light absorbing film and the second lightabsorbing film, respectively. Therefore, the first reproduction film andthe second reproduction film themselves would not absorb light. Thisprevents unwanted changes in optical characteristic in these films dueto a change in molecular structure or the like. Accordingly, the superresolution reproduction can be carried out without much burden on thefirst reproduction film and the second reproduction film, therebyimproving the reproduction durability.

Additional objects, features, and strengths of the present inventionwill be made clear by the description below. Further, the advantages ofthe present invention will be evident from the following explanation inreference to the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view illustrating a two-layer superresolution optical information storage medium according to a FirstEmbodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2( a) is an oblique perspective diagram illustrating aconfiguration of pre-pit provided on an intermediate layer in theoptical information storage medium.

FIG. 2( b) is an oblique perspective diagram illustrating aconfiguration of a pre-pit provided on a substrate in the opticalinformation storage medium.

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view illustrating a structure of an opticalinformation storage medium according to a comparative example, incomparison to the optical information storage medium according to anExample 1 of the First Embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4( a) is a characteristic diagram showing a pit length dependency(OTF) of C/N in a first information storage layer of optical informationstorage media according to the Example 1 and the comparative example,respectively.

FIG. 4( b) is a characteristic diagram showing a pit length dependency(OTF) of C/N in a second information storage layer of the opticalinformation storage media according to the Example 1 and the comparativeexample, respectively.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a reproduction numberdependency of C/N in the optical information storage medium according tothe Example 1.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a structure of an opticalinformation storage medium according to an Example 2 of the FirstEmbodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a reproduction laser powerdependency of C/N relative to a thickness of the first reproduction filmof the optical information storage media according to the Example 1 andthe Example 2, respectively.

FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing a transmittance dependency ofC/N of the first information storage layer in the optical informationstorage medium according to the Example 2.

FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing a reproduction numberdependency of each C/N at a different transmittance of the firstinformation storage layer of the optical information storage mediumaccording to the Example 2.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a dependency of C/N in thesecond information storage layer relative to transmittance of the firstinformation storage layer, in the optical information storage mediumaccording to the Example 2.

FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing a dependency oftransmittance of the first information storage layer upon a thickness ofthe light absorbing film, in the optical information storage mediumaccording to the Example 2.

FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating a structure of theoptical information storage medium according to the Second Embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically illustrating an optical pickup devicein the optical information storage medium reproducing apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment

The following describes one embodiment of the present invention, withreference to FIGS. 1 to 11.

FIG. 1 illustrates a cross sectional structure of a two-layer superresolution optical information storage medium 60 according to theEmbodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the optical information storage medium 60 isprovided with a light transmitting layer 10, a first information storagelayer 20, an intermediate layer 30, a second information storage layer40, and a substrate 50, that are layered in this order from the lightincident side.

The light transmitting layer 10 is provided with a polycarbonate film 11and a transparent adhesive resin layer 12. The intermediate layer 30 ismade of resin such as transparent UV-curable resin. The substrate 50 ismade of resin such as polyolefin base resin.

Further, as illustrated in the enlarged oblique perspective diagram ofFIG. 2( a), on the intermediate layer 30 is formed a pre-pit 31 forstoring information. Further, as illustrated in the enlarged obliqueperspective diagram of FIG. 2( b), on the substrate 50 is formed apre-pit 51.

The first information storage layer 20 and the second informationstorage layer 40 are formed on the pre-pit 31 and the pre-pit 51respectively so that the depressions/projections of the pre-pits 31 and51 are transcribed onto the first information storage layer 20 and thesecond information storage layer 40 respectively, thereby recording theinformation. This is a so-called read-only optical information storagemedium.

The first information storage layer 20 includes a first reproductionfilm 21 (reproduction film) and a first light absorbing film 22 (lightabsorbing film) that are made of, for example, zinc oxide or a mixturemainly containing zinc oxide. The first light absorbing film 22 absorbsreproduction light and converts the reproduction light into heat, whichincreases the temperature of the first reproduction film 21. When thefirst reproduction film 21 is heated by the heat generated by the firstlight absorbing film 22, the optical constant of the first reproductionfilm 21 changes. This makes it possible to reproduce the signal havingthe shorter mark length than the resolution limit of the optical systemof the reproducing apparatus.

The second information storage layer 40 includes a second reproductionfilm 41 (reproduction film) and a second light absorbing film 42 (lightabsorbing film) that are made of, for example, zinc oxide. The secondlight absorbing film 42 absorbs reproduction light and converts thereproduction light into heat which increases the temperature of thesecond reproduction film 41. When the second reproduction film 41 isheated by the heat generated by the second light absorbing film 42, theoptical constant of the second reproduction film 41 changes. This makesit possible to reproduce the signal having the shorter mark length thanthat of the optical system resolution limit of the reproducingapparatus.

The zinc oxide indicates oxidized zinc, but a percentage of oxidation isnot an issue. Further, the mixture mainly containing zinc oxide includeszinc oxide containing a trace of additive (Cd, Mg, N₂, etc).

The first reproduction film 21, the second reproduction film 41, thefirst light absorbing film 22, and the second light absorbing film 42are formed by sputtering in a vacuum apparatus. Further, the first lightabsorbing film 22 and the second light absorbing film 42 are made of,for example, a simple substrate of Si or Ge, or an alloy mainlycontaining Si or Ge.

The first reproduction film 21 and the second reproduction film 41 aremore desirably made of a metal oxide film having changeable opticalcharacteristic depending on a change in band gap caused by heat. Thisallows the first reproduction film 21 and the second reproduction film41 to have better reproduction durability than that of a reproductionfilm of a conventional storage medium using dye or phase change materialwhose optical characteristic changes due to a normal composition changeor a normal phase change.

As described above, respectively in the first information storage layer20 and the second information storage layer 40, the optical informationstorage medium 60 includes the first light absorbing film 22 and thesecond light absorbing film 42, both of which absorb the reproductionlight and generate heat, and the first reproduction layer 21 and thesecond reproduction layer 41, in both of which the optical constantschange by heat generated from the first light absorbing film 22 and thesecond light absorbing film 42. The change occurs corresponding to theportion subjected to heating.

This allows substantial recording density (reproducible recordingdensity) of the first information storage layer 20 and the secondinformation storage layer 40 to be higher than the limit automaticallyrestricted according to the resolution limit. Therefore, because of thelarger number of information storage layers than that of the superresolution medium according to Document 2, the storage capacity isincreased. Further, in providing a certain recording capacity to amedium, this medium requires less number of storage layers to obtain thesame recording density of the multi-layer optical information storagemedium according to Document 3 in which each information layer has alimited recording density due to the resolution limit. Accordingly, inthe manufacturing line, the number of the expensive vacuum apparatusesfor forming the storage layers by sputtering can be reduced compared tothe case of the multi-layer optical information storage medium accordingto Document 3. This significantly suppresses storage media manufacturingcosts generated as the number of the storage layers is increased.

Further, the first reproduction film 21 and the second reproduction film41 are separated from the first light absorbing film 22 and the secondlight absorbing film 42, respectively. Therefore, the first reproductionfilm 21 and the second reproduction film 41 themselves would not absorblight. This prevents unwanted changes in optical characteristic in thesefilms due to a change in molecular structure or the like. Accordingly,the super resolution reproduction can be carried out without much burdenon the first reproduction film 21 and the second reproduction film 41,thereby improving the reproduction durability.

Example 1

The optical information storage medium 60 according to the presentexample that is illustrated in FIG. 1 includes: a light transmittinglayer 10 constituted of a polycarbonate film 11 (thickness: 80 μm) and atransparent adhesive resin layer 12 (thickness: 20 μm); a firstinformation storage layer 20 constituted of a first reproduction film 21(zinc oxide, thickness: 175 nm) and a first light absorbing film 22 (Si,thickness: 7 nm); an intermediate layer 30 constituted of a transparentUV-curing resin (thickness: 25 μm); a second information storage layer40 constituted of a second reproduction film 41 (zinc oxide, thickness:155 nm) and a second light absorbing film 42 (Si, thickness: 50 nm); anda substrate 50 constituted of a polyolefin base resin substrate. Theyare layered in this order from the light incident side.

The following describes actual production steps of the opticalinformation storage medium 60.

First, a film forming apparatus is vacated to create a vacuum stateequal to or below 5×10⁻⁴ (Pa), RF electric power of 200 W is applied toa three-inch Si target on the substrate 50 constituted of a 0.5 mm thickresin ROM substrate mainly made of polyolefin, in Ar gas atmosphere.

As a result, a 50 nm thick Si thin film is formed as a second lightabsorbing film 42. Then, the RF electric power of 200 W is applied to aZnO target in Ar+O₂ gas atmosphere (flow ratio of 16:1). As a result, a155 nm zinc oxide thin film is formed as a second reproduction film 41.The second information storage layer 40 is thus firstly formed on thesubstrate 50.

Then, the disk with the second information storage layer 40 is taken outto the atmosphere. Transparent UV-curing resin is applied on the secondinformation storage layer 40, and the intermediate layer 30 onto whichthe projection/depression patterns (pre-pits that stores informationusing sequences) are transcribed using the 2P process described above isformed thereon. Then, the disk is mounted to the film forming apparatusagain. After vacating the apparatus to create a vacuum state equal to orbelow 5×10⁻⁴ (Pa), the RF electric power of 200 W is applied to athree-inch Si target, and the first light absorbing film 22 constitutedof a Si thin film with a thickness of 7 nm is formed in the Ar gasatmosphere. Then, the RF electric power of 200 W is applied again to theZnO target, and a first reproduction film 21 is formed in the Ar+O₂ gasatmosphere (flow ratio of 16:1). The first reproduction film 21 is madeof a zinc oxide thin film, and the thickness is 17 nm. The firstinformation storage layer 20 is thus formed on the intermediate layer30. Finally, a transparent adhesion is applied on the first informationstorage layer 20 to form a 20 μm thick adhesion layer, thereby formingthe transparent adhesive resin layer 12. Then, the polycarbonate film 11with a thickness of 80 μm is bonded onto the transparent adhesive resinlayer 12, thereby forming the light transmitting layer 10. The opticalinformation storage medium 60 is thus completed. The optical informationstorage media used in other examples are also manufactured in this way.

As a comparative example to this optical information storage medium 60,FIG. 3 illustrates a cross sectional structure of a conventionaltwo-layer optical information storage medium 70. In the comparativeexample, elements having the same functions as that of the correspondingelements of the optical information storage medium 60 according to thepresent example are given the same reference numerals.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, the two-layer optical information storagemedium 70 according to the comparative example includes a lighttransmitting layer 10 constituted of a polycarbonate film 11 (thickness:80 μm) and a transparent adhesive resin layer 12 (thickness: 20 μm), afirst information storage layer 80 constituted of a translucencyreflection film 81 (Ag, thickness: 5 nm), an intermediate layer 30constituted of a transparent UV-curing resin layer (thickness: 25 μm), asecond information storage layer 90 constituted of a reflection film 91(Al, thickness: 30 nm), and a substrate 50 constituted of a polyolefinbase resin substrate, that are layered in this order from the lightincident side.

Further, as illustrated in FIGS. 2( a) and 2(b), the intermediate layer30 and the substrate 50 of the two-layer optical information storagemedium 60 according to the present example are provided with thepre-pits 31 and 51, respectively, that store information. Theinformation storage layers 20 and 40 are formed on the pre-pits 31 and51 so that the projection/depression patterns of the pre-pits 31 and 51corresponding to the information storage layers 20 and 40, respectively,are transcribed to the two-layer optical information storage medium 60.The two-layer optical information storage medium 70 has the samestructure. With this structure, the two information storage layers 20and 40 respectively store information in the two-layer opticalinformation storage medium 60 and the two-layer optical informationstorage medium 70, and therefore they function as so-called read-onlyoptical information storage media.

The following compares the respective characteristics of the opticalinformation storage medium 60 according to the present example(hereinafter, the optical information storage medium 60 will be referredto as a “first example medium”) and the two-layer optical informationstorage medium 70 according to the comparative example (hereinafter, theoptical information storage medium 70 will be referred to as a“comparative example medium”).

FIGS. 4( a) and 4(b) show results of measurements of OTF in the firstinformation storage layer 20 and the second information storage layer 40of the first example medium and the comparative example medium,respectively. For the measurements, a disk measurement device having asemiconductor laser with a wavelength of 404 nm and an optical systemwith 0.85 N.A. (numerical aperture) was used. The OTF is an index forsuper resolution performance, which indicates dependency of C/N(evaluation standard for signal quality) upon a recording mark length(pit length in the case of a read-only optical information storagemedium).

As it is apparent from FIGS. 4( a) and 4(b), in the first examplemedium, the C/N of both of the first information storage layer 20 andthe second information storage layer 40 exceed 35 dB at the mark lengthof 0.10 μm that is shorter than the resolution limit of a reproductionoptical system, whereas no signal is detected in the first informationstorage layer 20 and the second information storage layer 40 of thecomparative example medium. This indicates that the first example mediumis capable of reproduction of a mark length that is shorter than theresolution limit.

FIGS. 4( a) and 4(b) also indicate that the resolution limit of thefirst example medium is 0.06 μm that is substantially a half of thetheoretical optical resolution limit of the reproduction apparatus. Thisis a half of that of the conventional example medium, which has aresolution limit in the vicinity of 0.120 μm. In other words, theresolution limit of the first example medium is approximately a half ofthat of the comparative example medium. This advantage allows the firstexample medium to store information using a signal substantially half inmark length. Therefore, it may be obvious but the first example mediumbecomes capable of storing signals in an amount of approximately twiceas much as that can be stored in the comparative example medium.Therefore, the first example medium has an approximately twice greaterinformation recording density (line density) than the comparativeexample medium does.

FIG. 5 shows a result of comparison between an initial C/N and a C/Nafter 20,000 times reproduction for each of the first informationstorage layer 20 and the second information storage layer 40 of thefirst example medium.

According to the result shown in FIG. 5, in the first example medium,neither the C/N of the first information storage layer 20 nor that ofthe second information storage layer 40 is deteriorated even after thecontinuous 20,000 times reproduction. This indicates that the firstexample medium has excellent reproduction durability.

As clearly shown in the comparison above, the first example medium hasreproduction durability that cannot be achieved by an ordinary superresolution optical information medium, and also realizes anapproximately quadruple information recording density to that of anordinary optical information storage medium (single layer). Moreover,the first example medium with such advantages can be realized with ahalf manufacturing costs of the four-layer optical information storagemedium having the same information recording density. This informationrecording density cannot be achieved by an ordinary super resolutionoptical information medium.

When the first reproduction film 21 and the second reproduction film 41,both of which are made of metal oxide such as zinc oxide, are increasedin temperature by the heat generated from the first light absorbing film22 and the second light absorbing film 42, respectively, the opticalconstants of the first reproduction film 21 and the second reproductionfilm 41 change so that the first reproduction film 21 and the secondreproduction film 41 become capable of reproducing a mark length that isshorter than the resolution limit of the optical system of thereproducing apparatus. However, this has not been confirmed, yet.

Example 2

The optical information storage medium 60 is not limited to thatdescribed in the Example 1.

For example, in the optical information storage medium 60 according tothe present example (in the present example hereinafter, the opticalinformation storage medium 60 will be referred to as a “second examplemedium”), the light transmitting layer 10 may be made of other materialsuch as UV-curing resin, or may have a reproduction face processed byhard-coating, as long as its transmission property for reproductionlight is ensured. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the lighttransmitting layer 10 may serve as a transparent substrate 13 or mayinclude the transparent substrate 13. With this configuration, thepre-pit 31, which was disposed on the intermediate layer 30 in the firstexample medium, can be disposed on the transparent substrate 13. In thisconfiguration, the pre-pit (not illustrated) provided on the transparentsubstrate 13 is formed in an opposite direction to the pre-pit 31.Further, this two layer structure is simply formed by bonding twolayers. Therefore, unlike the manufacturing of the first example medium,the complex steps of 2P process are not required. This makes it possibleto produce an optical information storage medium at lower costs. Thisstructure fits the standard for DVD, and therefore is applicable formanufacturing of high density DVD (HD-DVD).

The material for the substrate 50 may be polycarbonate resin or anyother resin processed by compression, glass, metal etc.

The first reproduction film 21 and the second reproduction film 41 maybe made of organic material such as dye, phase change material, materialmade of other metal oxide (for example TiO₂ or CeO₂), material mainlymade of other metal oxide, or other kind of material. The material madeof metal oxide includes a mixture of several kinds of metal oxide, alayered film of several metal oxide, and material containing additivesuch as Cd, Mg, N₂ or the like. The first reproduction film 21 and thesecond reproduction film 41 made of the organic material such as dye orthe phase change material are less durable than those of the firstexample medium. However, as long as it uses a separate absorbing film,it is very likely that the reproduction durability is higher than thatof the conventional super resolution film structure.

On the other hand, in the case of the material made of other metal oxide(for example TiO₂ or CeO₂) or material mainly made of other metal oxide,the reproduction durability is the same as that of the first examplemedium. However, its super resolution characteristic is substantiallythe same as the zinc oxide used for the first example medium. However,as an advantage, the transparency of general metal oxide film ensuressuperior transmissivity to a light absorbing film, allowing the lightabsorbing film to function efficiently.

The thickness of the first reproduction film 21 may be set so that,regardless of its material, the super resolution characteristic isexhibited when the reproduction light is focused on the secondinformation storage layer 40. Further, FIG. 7 shows an examinationresult of comparison, with respect to reproduction sensitivity, betweenthe first example medium with the first reproduction film 21 having athickness of 175 nm, and the second example medium with the firstreproduction film 21 having a thickness of 50 nm, in the case where thefirst reproduction film 21 is made of zinc oxide.

As shown in FIG. 7, the super resolution characteristic is slightlydeteriorated (a maximum C/N obtained by a pit length shorter than theresolution limit becomes lower). This is probably because the effect ofchange in the optical characteristic due to the heating by the lightabsorbing film is reduced as the film becomes thin. However, since athinner reproduction film is more easily heated, the reproductionsensitivity (reproducibility with a low reproduction laser power)improves. Thus, it is hard to conclude how the superiority of the firstreproduction film 21 depends on the thickness. Further, the thicker thethickness is, the better the reproduction durability is. Therefore, athicker film may be advantageous in terms of reproduction durability.When the above matter is taken into consideration, it is preferable thatthe thickness be 100 nm to 500 nm. The same theory applies to the secondreproduction film 41.

Further, the first light absorbing film 22 and the second lightabsorbing film 42 of the second example medium may be made of organicmaterial such as dye, phase change material, or other inorganicmaterial. When the light absorbing film is made of the organic materialsuch as dye or the phase change material, the composition or the phaseof the light absorbing film is changed. This heavily burdens the lightabsorbing film, and therefore it is easily predicted that its durabilitywould not be the same as that of the first example medium. On the otherhand, when the light absorbing film is made of other inorganic material,it is easily predicted that the durability would be the same as that ofthe first example medium. However, no material other than Ge has beenconfirmed as a material with the same reproduction sensitivity as Si.

Further, regardless of the material, the first light absorbing film 22should have a thickness with which sufficient reproduction durability ismaintained when the first information storage layer 20 is reproduced andadequate super resolution characteristic is exhibited when thereproduction light is focused on the second information storage layer40.

FIG. 8 shows relationship between (i) transmittance of the firstinformation storage layer 20 with respect to a reproduction waveform and(ii) C/N of the first information storage layer 20 with respect to thepit length of 0.1 μm that is shorter than the resolution limit of theoptical system of the reproducing apparatus, in a case where the firstinformation storage layer 20 of the second example medium is made of thesame material (Si) as the first information storage layer 20 of thefirst example medium that so far has a best super resolutioncharacteristic. As shown in FIG. 8, when the transmittance reaches73.4%, the C/N becomes lower than 30 dB, that is a threshold for adesirable level of super resolution characteristic.

Here, several two-layer super resolution optical information storagemedia each having a transmittance in the vicinity thereof (46.9%, 51.5%,58.0%, 73.4%) are prepared, and their reproduction durabilities areexamined. FIG. 9 shows the results. FIG. 9 shows that the reproductiondurability suddenly drops when the transmittance reaches 58.0%. In orderto satisfy the above required condition for the first informationstorage layer 20, the transmittance needs to be lower than 58.0%. Thereproduction durability is still insufficient even when thetransmittance reaches 51.5%, and finally comes to a sufficient levelwhen the transmittance reaches 46.9%.

FIG. 10, which shows a relationship between transmittance of the firstinformation storage layer 20 and OTF of the second information storagelayer 40, further denotes, for a the second information storage layer 40having the same film structure as that of the first example medium thatso far has a best super resolution characteristic, that, when the firstinformation storage layer has a transmittance of 25% for a reproductionlight wavelength, the C/N at the pit length of 0.1 μm that is shorterthan the resolution limit of the optical system of the reproducingapparatus becomes lower than 30 dB that is a threshold for a desirablelevel of the super resolution characteristic. In order to satisfy theabove required condition for the first information storage layer 20, thetransmittance needs to be greater than 25%. In order to achieve 35 dB orgreater to obtain better characteristic, the transmittance needs to begreater than 33.4%.

As described above, the thickness of the first light absorbing film 22is restricted by the transmittance. Therefore, when the first lightabsorbing film 22 is made of Si, the thickness needs to be between 5 nmand 25 nm, as it is apparent from FIG. 11. In order to achieve bettercharacteristic, the thickness needs to be between 7 nm and 13 nm. Thesame applies to a first light absorbing film 22 is made of Ge. With thiscondition of thickness, the transmittance falls within the above range,ensuring the super resolution characteristic and the reproductiondurability of the first information storage layer 20 and the secondinformation storage layer 40.

The thickness of the second light absorbing film 42 is also set,regardless of its material, in consideration of sufficient reproductiondurability and adequate super resolution characteristic. For example, inthe case where the second information storage layer of the secondexample medium is made of the same material (Si) as the secondinformation storage layer of the first example medium that so far has abest super resolution characteristic, it is preferable that thethickness be 30 nm to 200 nm.

Further, in the case of providing an additional component, such as anextra film, to the information storage layers 20 and 40 of the secondexample medium, the characteristic described above would not besignificantly deteriorated.

The first example medium and the second example medium are read-onlyoptical information storage media. However, the optical informationstorage medium of the present invention is not limited to this kind ofmedium, and recordable/reproducible optical information storage mediaand a write-once optical information storage medium can be adopted asthe optical information storage medium of the present invention. Whenthese media are adopted, at least a recording film is added to theinformation storage layer.

Further, the present invention may be also applied to a multi-layeroptical information storage medium having three or more layers, but thebalance between cost and recording capacity would need to be taken intoaccount.

Examples of the format of the optical information storage mediumincludes a magneto-optical disk, a phase change disk, and an opticalreading disk such as CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory), CD-R(Compact Disk Recordable), CD-RW (Compact Disk Rewritable), DVD-ROM(Digital Versatile Disk Read Only Memory), DVD-RW (Digital VersatileDisk Rewritable), BD (Blu-ray Disc), or BD-ROM. The recording method orcapacity is not an issue in the present invention.

Further, as it is apparent from the above description, the opticalinformation storage medium 60 makes it possible to store informationwith higher density and carries out stable reproduction of theinformation recorded with high density.

Second Embodiment

The following describes another embodiment of the present invention,with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13.

The present embodiment describes an optical information storage mediumreproducing apparatus used for reproducing the optical informationstorage medium 60 described in the First Embodiment. FIG. 12 is adiagram schematically illustrating a structure of the opticalinformation storage medium reproducing apparatus 100.

As illustrated in FIG. 12, the optical information storage mediumreproducing apparatus 100 emits a light beam to the optical informationstorage medium 60 and detects the reflection light, thereby reproducinginformation stored in the optical information storage medium 60. Thepresent embodiment describes a case where the optical informationstorage medium 60 is a disk-shaped optical disk. However, the opticalinformation storage medium 60 is not limited to this type of disk.

As illustrated in FIG. 12, the optical information storage mediumreproducing apparatus 100 activates and rotates the optical informationstorage medium 60 with a spindle motor 101, and an optical pickup unit102 reads the information transmitted from the optical informationstorage medium 60. The optical pickup unit 102 and the spindle motor 101are controlled by a controller 103.

The spindle motor 101 rotates the optical information storage medium 60so as to scan the optical information storage medium 60 by an opticalspot.

The controller 103 includes a signal processing section 103 a, a drivecontrol section 103 b, etc.

The signal processing section 103 a detects information from the diskaccording to an electric signal transmitted from the optical pickup unit102 which electric signal is obtained by the optical pickup unit 102based upon the reflection light of a recorded mark in the opticalinformation storage medium 60, thereby reading information in the formof the recorded mark from the optical information storage medium 60.Further, the signal processing section 103 a generates a focus errorsignal and a tracking error signal (both described later) according tothe electric signal transmitted from the optical pickup unit 102, whichelectric signal is obtained by the optical pickup unit 102 based uponthe reflection light of the recorded mark in the optical informationstorage medium 60.

The drive control section 103 b is provided with a servo circuit tocontrol driving of the spindle motor 101 and the optical pickup unit 102according to an instruction from an external apparatus or an electricsignal picked up by the optical pickup unit 102 and generated by thesignal processing section 103 a. The servo circuit used in this examplehas a function of correcting a position of an objective lens 102 eaccording to the focus error signal and the tracking error signaltransmitted from the signal processing section 103 a.

FIG. 13 illustrates a structure of the optical pickup unit 102 of theoptical information storage medium reproducing apparatus 100.

As illustrated in FIG. 13, the optical pickup unit 102 is provided witha semiconductor laser 102 a, a collimator lens 102 b, a beam shapingprism 102 c (prism that shapes a beam into a circle), a beam splitter102 d, an objective lens 102 e, a lens actuator 102 f, and an opticaldetection system 102 g.

The optical pickup unit 102 shapes laser light emitted from thesemiconductor laser 102 a, which functions as a light source, into alaser beam, and condenses the laser beam onto the optical informationstorage medium 60. The optical pickup unit 102 adopts the semiconductorlaser 102 a as a laser light source. The present invention however mayuse other kinds of light source. Laser power of the semiconductor laser102 a may be set higher than conventional laser power to ensure superresolution characteristic, or may be switched between the conventionalvalue and the high value. This enables the optical information storagemedium reproducing apparatus 100 to reproduce the two-layer superresolution medium, which is given a same storage capacity as thefour-layer ordinary medium, but manufactured at a lower cost. Further,because the number of layers of the two-layer super resolution medium isa half of that of the four-layer ordinary medium having the same storagecapacity, the focusing operation in the layers becomes less frequent,reducing the time taken for focusing. Therefore response to areproduction instruction becomes quicker.

The laser light from the semiconductor laser 102 a is converted intosubstantially parallel light by the collimator lens 102 b, and is shapedby the beam shaping prism 102 c such that a distribution of lightintensity forms a substantial circle. The substantial circle parallellight transmits the beam splitter 102 d, and is condensed onto theoptical information storage medium 60 by the objective lens 102 e aslight beam (incident light). The numerical aperture (NA) of theobjective lens 102 e is set to 0.65 or 0.85.

Reflection light from the optical information storage medium 60 isdiverged by the beam splitter 102 d, and is guided to the opticaldetecting system 102 g. Based upon, for example, a change of thereflection light from the optical information storage medium 60 in apolarization direction or a change in intensity of the reflection light(changes in level of the reflection light), the optical detecting system102 g identifies storage information, out-focus information and trackout-position information. These information items are converted intoelectric signals to be transmitted to the signal processing section 103a.

The reflection light includes light reflected by an address informationmark formed with a part of the pre-pits 31 and 51 on the opticalinformation storage medium 60. According to the electric signal obtainedfrom the reflection light, that is, the electric signal obtained byreproducing the address information mark, the optical detecting system102 g detects the focus error signal and the tracking error signal in anoptical spot (the portion where of the optical beam is condensed) of thelight beam irradiation face of the optical information storage medium60.

The lens actuator 102 f corrects the position of the optical spot in anoptical axis direction in accordance with the focus error signal. Thisallows the optical pickup unit 102 to form an optical spot on anarbitrary one of the first information storage layer 20 or the secondinformation storage layer 40 of the optical information storage medium60. Similarly, feed-back of the tracking error signal allows the lensactuator 102 f to correct the position of the optical spot in the trackwidth direction. This allows the optical pickup unit 102 to cause theoptical spot to follow a target track of the optical information storagemedium 60.

In a conventional multi-layer optical information storage mediumreproducing apparatus, reproduction light is focused on many storagelayers to reproduce information. This requires improvement ofperformance of a pickup that results in increase of costs. On the otherhand, with the use of the optical information storage medium 60described in the First Embodiment, the optical information storagemedium reproducing apparatus 100 focuses a less number of informationstorage layers than the conventional apparatus, and therefore the costfor the pickup unit 102 will not significantly increase. In other words,a less costing reproducing apparatus can be realized. Further, by usingthe optical information storage medium 60 storing information with highdensity, the optical information storage medium reproducing apparatus100 performs stable information reproduction.

As described above, in an optical information storage medium of thepresent embodiment, each of the first information storage layer and thesecond information storage layer includes: a light absorbing film thatabsorbs reproduction light to generate heat; and a reproduction filmthat is heated by the heat generated by the light absorbing film so asto reproduce a signal shorter in mark length than a resolution limit ofan optical system of a reproducing apparatus. This provides a storagecapacity that cannot be achieved by a conventional super resolutionmedium. Simultaneously, in a case of producing storage media having asame storage capacity, the number of storage layers can be reduced to befewer than that of a conventional multi-layer optical informationstorage medium in which a recording density of each information storagelayer is restricted by a resolution limit. This allows the storagecapacity of the optical information storage medium to be increasedcost-effectively. Further, the light absorbing film and the reproductionfilm are formed separately, so that super resolution reproduction can becarried out without heavily loading on the reproduction film, therebyimproving reproduction durability.

Therefore, the optical information storage medium of the presentembodiment is provided with, in an information storage layer, the lightabsorbing film that absorbs reproduction light and converts thereproduction light into heat, and a reproduction film that changes alight transmittance of the portion increased in temperature by the heatgenerated by the light absorbing film. This makes it possible to reducemanufacturing costs, increase an information recording density, andimprove reproduction durability of the information storage layer.Therefore, the optical information storage medium is suitable for a highdensity storage.

In the optical information storage medium, it is preferable that thelight transmitting layer be a transparent substrate. With thisstructure, it is only necessary to bond layers, each of which isconstituted of two layers. This makes it possible to avoid a complexstep such as 2P process for forming multi-layer structure, and producean optical information storage medium at less costs. Moreover, thisstructure fits a standard of DVD and therefore can provide a highdensity DVD (HD-DVD) at a low price.

In the optical information storage medium, it is preferable that thereproduction film be mainly made of a metal oxide film. The metal oxidefilm has optical characteristic that change as a band gap changes due toheat. By using such metal oxide film as the reproduction film,reproduction durability can be more improved than that of an opticalinformation storage medium using a reproduction film made of dye orphase change material whose optical characteristic change due to anormal composition change or a normal phase change.

In the optical information storage medium, it is preferable that thereproduction film be made of zinc oxide that is relatively inexpensiveamong metal oxide films, or with a mixture mainly containing zinc oxide.This reduces manufacturing costs of the optical information storagemedium. Moreover, using zinc oxide or a mixture mainly containing zincoxide enables to achieve better super resolution characteristic thanthat of when any of other metal oxide films is used, thereby improving astorage capacity of the optical information storage medium.

In the optical information storage medium, it is preferable that thelight absorbing film be inorganic. An inorganic light absorbing filmallows the light absorbing film at the time of light absorption to bemore durable than a light absorbing film made of organic material suchas dye. This makes it possible to improve the reproduction durability ofthe optical information storage medium.

In the optical information storage medium, it is preferable that thelight absorbing film be made of a simple substrate of Si or Ge, or analloy mainly containing Si or Ge, because such light absorbing film canheat up the reproduction film more efficiently than other metal films,allowing reproduction sensitivity to be improved.

In the optical information storage medium, it is preferable that thefirst information storage layer have a transmittance between 25% and 58%with respect to a wavelength of the reproduction light. Having suchtransmittance, the first information storage layer can obtain superresolution characteristic of the first information storage layer withoutheavily deteriorating super resolution characteristic of the secondinformation storage layer. This makes it possible to increase thestorage capacity of the optical information storage medium. It is morepreferable that the first information storage layer have a transmittancebetween 34.4% and 46.9% with respect to the reproduction lightwavelength. With such transmittance, the super resolution characteristicof the first information storage layer can be further improved. Thismakes it possible to increase the storage capacity of the opticalinformation storage medium, thereby improving the reproductiondurability.

In the optical information storage medium, it is preferable that thelight absorbing film of the first information storage layer have athickness between 5 nm and 25 nm so that the light absorbing film of thefirst information storage layer has a minimum thickness required formaintaining the reproduction durability. Having such thickness, thefirst information storage layer can achieve super resolutioncharacteristic of the first information storage layer without heavilydeteriorating super resolution characteristic of the second informationstorage layer. This makes it possible to increase the storage capacityof the optical information storage medium. It is more preferable thatthe light absorbing film of the first information storage layer have athickness between 7 nm and 13 nm. With such thickness, the superresolution characteristic of the first information storage layer can befurther improved. This makes it possible to increase the storagecapacity of the optical information storage medium, thereby improvingthe reproduction durability.

An optical information storage medium reproducing apparatus according tothe present embodiment includes an optical pick-up apparatus that (i)emits laser light to the first information storage layer or the secondinformation storage layer, the laser light having enough intensity toreproduce the optical information storage medium, and (ii) picks upreflection light from the optical information storage medium.

The optical information storage medium reproducing apparatus reads anoptical information storage medium with the optical pickup section,which emits the laser light with enough intensity to reproduce theoptical information storage medium, and picks up the reflection lightfrom the optical information storage medium. This allows stableinformation pickup from the optical information storage medium storinginformation with a higher density. In order to allow such opticalinformation storage medium to be reproducible, the laser power is sethigher than a conventional laser power.

Such a reproduction theory of the optical information storage mediumenables reproduction of the two-layer super resolution medium, that hasa same storage capacity as an ordinary four-layer medium, but can bemanufactured at a lower cost. In this case, the number of informationstorage layers to be focused is fewer than the reproduction by themulti-layer optical information storage medium which attemptsimprovement in information recording density without using the superresolution technique. This reduces the number of focusing operationsonto the layers. For example, comparing with the ordinary four-layermedium having the same storage capacity, both the number of layers andthe number of focuses become a half. This simplifies focus control ofthe optical pick-up apparatus (optical pick-up). Consequently, cost riseof the optical pick-up apparatus is suppressed, and the focus time isshortened. The reduction in focus time improves the response to thereproduction instruction. With these advantages, the present inventionprovides a high-performance reproducing apparatus at a lower cost.

The embodiments and concrete examples of implementation discussed in theforegoing detailed explanation serve solely to illustrate the technicaldetails of the present invention, which should not be narrowlyinterpreted within the limits of such embodiments and concrete examples,but rather may be applied in many variations within the spirit of thepresent invention, provided such variations do not exceed the scope ofthe patent claims set forth below.

1-32. (canceled)
 33. An optical information storage medium, in which alight transmitting layer, a first information storage layer, anintermediate layer that is mainly made of resin, a second informationstorage layer, and a substrate are layered in this order from areproduction light incident side, and in which recording marks arerecorded, the recording marks being shorter in mark length than aresolution limit of an optical system of a reproduction apparatus, theoptical information storage medium, wherein each of the firstinformation storage layer and the second information storage layercomprising: a light absorbing film that absorbs reproduction light togenerate heat; and a reproduction film that is heated by the heatgenerated by the light absorbing film so as to reproduce the recordingmarks, wherein the first information storage layer has a transmittancebetween 25% and 58% with respect to a reproduction light wavelength. 34.An optical information storage medium as set forth in claim 1, whereinthe light transmitting layer is a transparent substrate.
 35. An opticalinformation storage medium as set forth in claim 1, wherein thereproduction film is mainly made of a metal oxide film.
 36. An opticalinformation storage medium as set forth in claim 1, wherein thereproduction film is made of zinc oxide or a mixture mainly containingzinc oxide.
 37. An optical information storage medium as set forth inclaim 1, wherein the light absorbing film is inorganic.
 38. An opticalinformation storage medium as set forth in claim 1, wherein the lightabsorbing film is made of a simple substrate of Si or Ge, or an alloymainly containing Si or Ge.
 39. An optical information storage medium asset forth in claim 1, wherein the first information storage layer has atransmittance between 33.4% and 46.9% with respect to a reproductionlight wavelength.
 40. An optical information storage medium as set forthin claim 6, wherein the light absorbing film of the first informationstorage layer has a thickness between 5 nm and 25 nm.
 41. An opticalinformation storage medium as set forth in claim 6, wherein the lightabsorbing film of the first information storage layer has a thicknessbetween 7 nm and 13 nm.
 42. An optical information storage medium, whicha light transmitting layer, a first information storage layer, anintermediate layer that is mainly made of resin, a second informationstorage layer, and a substrate, being layered in this order from areproduction light incident side, wherein each of the first informationstorage layer and the second information storage layer comprises: alight absorbing film made of a simple substrate of Si or Ge, or an alloymainly containing Si or Ge; and a reproduction film mainly made of ametal oxide film.
 43. An optical information storage medium as set forthin claim 11, wherein the metal oxide film is made of zinc oxide or amixture mainly containing zinc oxide.
 44. An optical information storagemedium reproducing apparatus comprising: an optical reading means foremitting a laser beam of laser power allowing reproduction of therecording marks in the optical information storage medium as set forthin claim 33, to the first information storage layer or the secondinformation storage layer, and taking in reflection light from theoptical information storage medium.